Asociación entre los niveles de ácido fólico con biomarcadores de riesgo cardiovascular en atletas de alto rendimiento

  1. Molina, J. 1
  2. Molina, JM. 1
  3. Chirosa, LJ. 1
  4. Florea, D. 2
  5. Rodríguez, G. 2
  6. López-González, B. 2
  7. García-Ávila, MA. 2
  8. Sáez, L. 2
  9. Millán, E. 2
  10. Granados, MA. 3
  11. Planells, E. 2
  1. 1 CCAFD
  2. 2 Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos
  3. 3 Universidad de Granada
    info
    Universidad de Granada

    Granada, España

    ROR https://ror.org/04njjy449

    Geographic location of the organization Universidad de Granada
Show affiliations +
Journal:
Ars pharmaceutica

ISSN: 2340-9894,  0004-2927

Year of publication: 2010

Volume: 51

Issue: 3

Pages: 691-704

Type: Article

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR HANDLE: https://hdl.handle.net/10481/26622

More publications in: Ars pharmaceutica

Sustainable development goals

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The deficiency of folic acid and vitamin B12 reduced physical performance. Highperformance athletes may have an insufficient intake of vitamins of group B if they are fed monotonous diets with low energy consumption. It has been shown that low levels of homocysteine (Hcy) levels are usually associated with vitamin B12 and folic acid, and reduced cardiovascular risk, showing the intense training associated with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) (> 12 mg / mL). OBJECTIVE: To assess the nutritional status of B12 and folate, and cardiovascular status in a sample of elite athletes and to study the effect of supplementation in the population where cardiovascular risk is present. METHODS: The study was conducted with 14 professional handball players> 18 years, followed for two months of intense intermittent training and supplemented with 200 mg / d of folic acid and 2.5μg / d of vitamin B12. At baseline and at two months and four months we evaluated the intake of folic acid and vitamin B12 (72h-recall and Nutriber ® software), and determined the levels of B12, folate and Hcy by enzyme immunoassay. CONCLUSION / DISCUSSION: Both the intake of vitamin B12 and its plasma level was adequate. Folate intake was according to the RDIs in healthy humans, but below the recommended daily intake for athletes (300μg / d) in 14.3% of subjects at baseline, none were poor after the supplementation. Other authors recommend a higher intake of folic acid to intense intermittent training (400 - 500 mg / d), and taking into account these recommendations, our results showed a 50-85.5%, respectively, Athletes with an inadequate intake of folic acid. Still, folic acid levels in plasma are within the reference levels (ref. 4.2 to 19.9 ng / ml), although there is a significant negative association between plasma levels of folate and Hcy (p <0.05). What is the recommended intake of folic real and vitamin B12 in intense intermittent training athletes? Elite athletes should be monitored by a comprehensive nutritional counseling and clinical monitoring. Adjustment is needed on the recommendations of vitamin B12 and folic acid to optimize athletic performance and prevent cardiovascular problems commonly associated.

Bibliographic References

  • Beshgetoor, D., & Nichols, JF. Dietary intake and supplement use in female master cyclists and runners. International Journal of Sport Nutrition & Exercise Metabolism. 2003; 13(2), 166-72.
  • Coyle EF. Physical activity as a metabolic stressor. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 72: 512S–20S.
  • De Cree C, Whiting PH, Cole H. Interactions between homocyst(e)ine and nitric oxide during acute submaximal exercise in adult males. Int J Sports Med 2000; 21: 256-62.
  • Gaume, V, Mougin, F, Figard, H, Simon-Rigaud, ML, N’Guyen, UN, Callier, J, Kantelip, JP, Berthelot A. Physical training decreases total plasma homocysteine and cysteine in middle aged subjects. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 2005; 49: 125-131.
  • Hawley, J. A., Tipton, K. D., & Millard-Stafford, M. Promoting training adaptations through nutritional interventions. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2006; 24 (7): 709-721.
  • Herrmann M, Wilkinson J, Schorr H, et al. Comparison of the influence of volumeoriented training and high-intensity interval training on serum homocysteine and its cofactors in young, healthy swimmers. Clin Chem Lab Med 2003; 41: 525-31.
  • Herrmann W. The importance of hyperhomocysteinemia as a risk factor for diseases: an overview. Clin Chem Lab Med 2001; 39: 666-74.
  • Jensen, CD, Zaltas, ES, Whittam, JH. Dietary intakes of male endurance cyclists during training and racing. Journal of the American Dietetic Association. 1992; 92: 986-8.
  • König D, Bissé E, Deibert P, Müller H-M, Wieland H, Berg A. Influence of training volume and acute physical exercise on the homocysteine levels in endurance-trained men: interactions with plasma folate and vitamin B12. Ann Nutr Metab 2003; 47:114-8.
  • Manore, M.M. Effect of physical activity on thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B-6 requirements. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000; 72: 598S-606S.
  • Manore, M.M., S.I. Barr, and G.A. Butterfield. Position of the American Dietetic Association, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: nutrition and athletic performance. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 2000; 100: 1543-56.
  • Mataix, J. Alimentación y nutrición humana. Situaciones fisiológicas y patológicas. Editorial Ergom, 2009; (2). Anexo D.
  • Rodríguez, N. R., DiMarco, N. M., Langley, S., Denny, S., Hager, M. H., Manore, M. M., et al. Nutrition and athletic performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2009; 41(3): 709-731.
  • Rousseau, AS, Robin, S, Roussel, AM, Ducros, V, Margaritis I. Plasma homocysteine is related to folate intake but not training status. Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases. 2005; 15: 125-133.
  • Schröder, H., Navarro, E., Mora, J., Seco, J., Torregrosa, J. M., & Tramullas, A. Dietary habits and fluid intake of a group of elite Spanish basketball players: A need for professional advice. European Journal of Sport Science. 2004; 4 (2), 1-15.
  • Tarnopolsky M. Protein requirements for endurance athletes. Nutrition 2004; 20: 662-8.
  • Vitvitsky V, Mosharov E, Tritt M, Ataullakhanov F, Banerjee R. Redox regulation of homocysteine-dependent glutathione synthesis. Redox Rep 2003; 8: 57-63.
  • Woolf, K. & Manore, M.M. B-vitamins and exercise: does exercise alter requirements? International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 2006; 16(5): 453-484.
Data source: Dialnet