La inteligencia emocional y el sentido de coherencia en la percepción de la salud de los docentes universitarios

Abstract

Previous studies on health and job satisfaction point to the protective nature of the perceived emotional intelligence and sense of coherence. Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to understand and identify their own and others emotions and learn to handle them not to produce a detrimental effect on health. The sense of coherence is defined as the ability to perceive the meaning of the world, to acquire the relationship between actions and consequences and understand the world in a clear and structured way, knowing the resources to meet the demands. This dissertation studies these two protective salutogenic variables from the perspective of Antonovsky, born within the Public Health and the Ottawa Charter. The aim was to draw attention to a perspective that I have respect to the factors that protect health and not focus on the traditional biomedical paradigm based on the disease. In this sense the main objective of the study was to examine to what extent the Mental Health and Job Satisfaction of university teachers are influenced by the sense of coherence, emotional intelligence, and certain sociodemographic and own working environment variables. For this purpose they were collected by a questionnaire developed a number of social and labor variables that according to some studies reviewed could exert some influence on health and job satisfaction. To measure perceived emotional intelligence self-report method was used, the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24) Salovey and Mayer, which amounted dimensions: attention, emotional clarity and repair. The sense of coherence was assessed using SOC-13 or Orientation to Life Questionnaire (OLQ) Antonovsky, providing information on three- dimensional construct: meaningfulness, manageability and comprehensibility. Job satisfaction was assessed using Questionnaire S10 / 12 Melia and Peiro, collecting satisfaction with the environment, with supervision and performance. Health was assessed by the question of the National Health Survey on health status in the last twelve months, and by the General Health Questionnaire Goldberg (GHQ-28). The sample consisted of 160 teachers from the University of Huelva (Spain). The results obtained in this PhD. Thesis indicate that a higher level of sense of coherence and greater perceived emotional intelligence in teaching, the greater its perceived health, mental symptoms less concern and are more satisfied in their work. Logistic regression analyzes carried out indicate that a good perceived health status is explained in 91.2% by high levels of attention and emotional repair, and low significance and comprehensibility. Adequate emotional repair explains 79.7% somatic symptoms and 79.4% anxiety symptoms. High compressibility decreases the probability of occurrence of social dysfunction (87.2%). The significance favors not appear depressive symptoms (96.7%). Job satisfaction with the work environment is explained by adequate attention to emotions and a low significance (83%), in the same way that satisfaction with supervision (79.9%). High levels of attention and emotional repair explain the increase in satisfaction with the services (74.8%).