Country-level Variables and Imagined National Communities within EU-15 Countries

  1. Antonia María Ruiz Jiménez 1
  2. Elena Ferri Fuentevilla 1
  3. Luis Navarro Ardoy 1
  1. 1 Universidad Pablo de Olavide
    info

    Universidad Pablo de Olavide

    Sevilla, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02z749649

Journal:
Política y sociedad

ISSN: 1130-8001 1988-3129

Year of publication: 2017

Issue Title: Estudios críticos organizacionales: hacia una repolitización de los nuevos mundos del trabajo

Volume: 54

Issue: 1

Pages: 271-293

Type: Article

DOI: 10.5209/POSO.50089 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openOpen access editor

More publications in: Política y sociedad

Abstract

This study analyses to what extent there are similarities and differences between EU-15 countries with regard to their citizens’ national identities; as well as the influence of country-level variables on identity patterns within clusters of countries. It uses different quantitative techniques and the European Values Study 2008 data release. First, clusters of countries are formed using identity variables. Next, country-level variables dealing with economic performance, politics, history and ethnic-cultural traits are operationalized and tested through categorical regression and discriminant analysis. Results confirm that there are clusters of countries with particular configurations of identity patterns and that country-level variables influence identity.

Funding information

This investigation has been possible thanks to the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation: I+D+I project “Nacionalismo español: discursos y praxis desde la izquierda (1982-2008)” Ref. CSO2008-01182CPOL.

Funders

Bibliographic References

  • Álvarez Junco, J. (2000): “Spain: A product of incomplete nation-building”, in L. Hagendoorn et al. (eds.), European nations and nationalism, theoretical and historical perspectives, Aldershot, Ashgate, pp. 183-214.
  • Anderson, B. (1991): Comunidades imaginadas. Reflexiones sobre el origen y la difusión del nacionalismo, México, Fondo de Cultura Económica.
  • Bar-Tal, D. (1997): “Monopolization of Patriotism”, in D. Bar-Tal and E. Staub (eds.), Patriotism in the lives of individuals and groups, Chicago, Nelson-Hall Publishers.
  • Bastida Freixedo, X. (2002): “Otra vuelta de tuerca: el patriotismo constitucional español y sus miserias”, Doxa Cuadernos de Filosofía del Derecho, 25, pp. 213-246.
  • Billig, M. (1995): Banal Nationalism, London, Sage.
  • Brancati, D. (2008): “The Origins and Strengths of Regional Parties”, British Journal of Political Science, 38 (1), pp. 135-169.
  • Brass, P. R. (1979): “Elite groups, symbol manipulation and ethnic identity among the Muslim of South Asia”, in D. Taylor and M. Yapp (eds.), Political Identity of South Asia, London, Curzon Press, pp. 356-37.
  • Breuilly, J. (1990): Nacionalismo y Estado, Barcelona, Ediciones Pomares-Corredor.
  • Caciagly, M. (2006): Regiones de Europa. Autogobierno, regionalismos, integración europea, Valencia, Tirant lo Blanch.
  • Chhibber, P. and K. Kollman (2004): The Formation of National Party Systems: Federalism and Party Competition in Canada, Great Britain, India and the United States, Oxford, Princeton University Press.
  • Dalton, R. J. (2004): Democratic challenges, democratic choices: the erosion of political support in advanced industrial democracies, UK, Oxford University Press.
  • Dekker, H., D. Malová and S. Hoogendoorn (2003): “Nationalism and its explanations”, Political Psychology, 24 (2), pp. 345-376.
  • Easton, D. (1965): A system analysis of political life, New York, Wiley.
  • Eichnberg, R. C. and R. J. Dalton (1993): “European and the European Community: the Dynamics of Public Support for European Integration”, International Organisation 47, pp. 507-534.
  • EVS (2011): European Values Study 2008: Integrated Dataset (EVS 2008), GESIS Data Archive, Cologne. ZA4800 Data file Version 3.0.0, doi:10.4232/1.11004.
  • Fernández-Albertos, J. and I. Sánchez-Cuenca (2002): “Factores políticos y económicos en el apoyo a la integración Europea”, Papeles de Economía Española, 91, pp. 217-227.
  • Ferri Fuentevilla, E. (2013): España: un acuerdo inalcanzable, unpublished Doctoral dissertation, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla.
  • Gabel, M. J. (1998): Interest and the Integration. Market Liberalization, Public Opinion, and European Union, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press.
  • Gabel, M. J. and H. D. Palmer (1995): “Understanding Variation in Public Support for the European Integration”, European Journal of Political Research, 27, pp. 3-19.
  • García Álvarez, J. (2002): Provincias, regiones y comunidades autónomas: la formación del mapa político de España, Madrid, Senado.
  • Gellner, E. (1983): Nations and nationalism, Oxford, Blackwell.
  • Gellner, E. (1997): Nationalism, New York, New York UP.
  • Habermas, J. (1992): La necesidad de revisión de la izquierda, Madrid, Tecnos.
  • Harrison, J., R. E. Sullivan and D. Sherman (1991): Estudio de las civilizaciones occidentales, vol. II., Bogotá, McGraw-Hill.
  • Hobsbawm, E. (1996): “Identity politics and the left”, New Left Review, I (217), pp. 38-47.
  • Hooghe, L., G. Marks and A. H. Schaket (2010): The rise of regional authority: a comparative study of 42 democracies (1950-2006), London, Routledge.
  • Hopkin, J. and J. Bradbury, (2006): “British Statewide Parties and Multi-Level Politics”, Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 36(1), pp. 135-152.
  • Houten, P. (2009): “Multi-Level Relations in Political Parties: A Delegation Approach”, Party Politics, 15(2), pp.137-156.
  • Howell, D. (1986): A lost left. Three studies in socialism and nationalism, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.
  • Hroch, M. (1985): Social preconditions of National Revival in Europe,
  • Ichijo, A. and W. Spohn (2005): Entangled Identities, Aldershot (UK), Ashgate.
  • Jaffrelot, C. (1993): “Los modelos explicativos del origen de las naciones y del nacionalismo. Revisión crítica”, in G. Delannoi and P. Taguiefft (comps.), Teorías del nacionalismo, Barcelona, Paidós, pp. 203-254.
  • Jiménez, M. and L. Navarro (2015): “Las huellas electorales del nacionalismo español. Identificación territorial y voto en los partidos políticos de ámbito estatal, 1980-2013”, Revista Internacional de Sociología, 73(1), pp. 1-20. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/ris.2012.02.12
  • Kaina, V. and I. P. Karolewski (2009): “EU governance and European identity”, Living Reviews in European Governance , 4(2), pp. 1-41.
  • Kaltenthaler, K. C. and C. Anderson (2001): “European and Their Money: Explaining Public Support for the European Currency”, European Journal of Political Research, 40(2), pp. 347-361.
  • Kasprzak, M. (2012): “To reject or not to reject nationalism: debating Marx and Engels' struggles with nationalism, 1840s-1880s”, Nationalities Papers: The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity, 40 (4), pp. 585-606.
  • Keating, M. (2009): “Social citizenship, solidarity and welfare in regionalized and plurinational states”, Citizenship Studies 13(5), pp. 501-513.
  • Kedourie, E. (1985): Nacionalismo, Madrid, Centro de Estudios Constitucionales.
  • Laborda, J. J. (2002): “Patriotas y de izquierdas”, Claves de razón práctica, 122, pp. 47-53.
  • Lepsius, M. R. (2004): “The Nation and Nationalism in Germany”, Social Research, 71(3), pp. 481-500.
  • Libbrecht, L., B. Maddens and W. Swenden (2011): “Party competition in regional elections: the strategies of statewide parties in Spain and the United Kingdom”, Party Politics published on line. doi: 0.1177/1354068811407602), pp. 1-18.
  • Linz, J. J. (1973): “Early state-building and late peripheral nationalisms against the State: the case of Spain”, in S. N. Eisenstadt and S. Rokkan (eds.), Building states and nation: analysis by region, Berverly Hills, Sage, pp. 32-116.
  • Linz, J. J. (1993): “State building and nation building”, European Review 1(4), pp. 355-369.
  • Máiz Suarez, R. (2003): “Framing the nation: three rival versions of contemporary nationalist ideology”, Journal of Political Ideologies 8(3), pp. 251-267.
  • Mar-Molinero, C. and A. Smith (eds.) (1996): Nationalism and the nation in the Iberian Peninsula: competing and conflicting identities, Oxford, Berg.
  • Martínez-Herrera, E. (2002): “From nation-building to building identification with political communities: consequences of political decentralization in Spain, the Basque Country, Catalonia and Galicia, 1978-2001”, European Journal of Political Research, 41, pp. 421-453.
  • Mateo Fabro, M. (2005): “La idea de España a finales del S.XX: El nacionalismo español desde la transición”, Viento Sur.info (http://www.vientosur.info/spip.php?article168)
  • McEwen, N. (2002): “State welfare nationalism: the territorial impact of welfare state development in Scotland”, Regional and Federal Studies, 12(1), pp. 66-90.
  • McEwen, N. (2006): Nationalism and the State. Welfare and Identity in Scotland and Quebec, Brussels, PIE-Peter Lang (Nationalism and Federalism, 5).
  • McEwen, N. and L. Moreno (2005): The Territorial Politics of Welfare, UK, Routledge.
  • Mota Consejero, F. (1998): “Cultura política y opinión pública en las Comunidades Autónomas: un examen del sistema político autonómico en España 1984-1996”, Working Papers (Barcelona: Instituto de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales), 153, pp. 1-63.
  • Mota Consejero, F. (2008): Capital Social y gobernabilidad. El rendimiento político de las Comunidades Autónomas, Madrid, Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales.
  • Müller, J.W. (2007) : Constitutional Patriotism, New Jersey, Princeton University Press.
  • Núñez Seixas, X. M. (2010): “La nación en la España del siglo XXI: Un debate inacabable”, Pasado y Memoria. Revista de Historia Contemporánea, 9, pp. 129-148.
  • Olsen, J. P. (1996): “Europeanization and Nation-State Dynamics”, ARENA s æ rtykk, 96(3), pp. 245-285.
  • Østerud, Ø. (1999): Globaliseringen og nasjonalstaten, Oslo, Ad Notam Gyldendal.
  • Pallarés, F. y M. Keating (2003): “Multi-level Electoral Competition. Regional Elections and Party Systems in Spain”, European Urban & Regional Studies, 10(3), pp. 239-255.
  • Quiroga, A. (2008): “Amistades peligrosas. La izquierda y los nacionalismos catalanes y vascos (1975-2008)”, Historia y Política, 20, pp. 97-127.
  • Ranger, T. and E. Hobsbawn (1983): The invention of tradition, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
  • Rokkan, S. (1999): State formation, nation-building and mass politics in Europe. The theory of Stein Rokkan, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
  • Ruiz Jiménez, A. M. (2007): “Los instrumentos de medida de las identidades en los estudios del CIS y el Eurobarómetro: problemas de la escala Moreno y posibles alternativas”, Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 117, pp. 161-184.
  • Ruiz Jiménez, A. M., M. Jiménez Sánchez and M. T. González Fernández (2013): “La nación difusa. Concepciones de España entre la ciudadanía de izquierdas”, en Crisis y Cambio. Propuestas desde la Sociología. Actas del XI Congreso Español de Sociología, Madrid, Federación Española de Sociología.
  • Ruiz Jiménez, A. M. y L. Navarro Ardoy (2015): “Patriotas sociales: la izquierda ante el nacionalismo y la crisis económica en España”, unpublished manuscript.
  • Sánchez-Cuenca, I. (2000): “The Political Basis of Support for European Integration”, European Union Politics 1(2), pp. 147-171.
  • Smith, A. D. (1986): “State-making and nation-building”, in J.A. Hall, ed., States in history, Oxford, Blackwell, pp. 228-263.
  • Smith, A. D. (1991): National identity, London, Penguin Books.
  • Smith, A. D. (1996): “Culture, community and territory: the politics of ethnicity and nationalism”, International Affairs, 72(3), pp. 445-458.
  • Smith, A. D. (2000): Nacionalismo y Modernidad, Madrid, Ediciones Istmo.
  • Smith, A. D. (2004): Nacionalismo: teoría, ideología, historia, Madrid, Alianza.
  • Smith, A. D. (2010): Nationalism, UK, Polity Press.
  • Schwarzmantel, J. (2012): “Rethinking Marxism and Nationalism in an Age of Globalization”, Rethinking Marxism: A Journal of Economics, Culture & Society, 24(1), pp. 144-161.
  • Talshir, G. (2005): ‘Knowing right from left: The politics of identity between the radical left and far right’, Journal of Political Ideologies 10 (3), pp. 311-335.