Relación entre composicion corporal, imagen corporal, actividad física e inteligencia emocional en alumnado universitario - estudio de una población portuguesa = Relação entre composição corporal, imagem corporal, atividade fisica e ingeligência emocional em alunos universitários - estudio numa população portuguesa + Resumen

Resumo

The time of entry into the University comes up often associated with the abandonment of the habit of physical activity, as many hours are devoted to the study, with a consequent reduction of free time. Thus, the sport experience in University, is considered a good indicator for physical activity dedication later in adulthood (Basco et al. , 1996, cit. by Lores, Murcia, Gutierrez & Sicilia, 2003). In the psychological field , regular exercise is beneficia! for the preservation of cognitive function , improve depressive symptoms, as well as personal control and self-efficacy. In addition to these benefits, exercise also seems to benefit the quality of interpersonal relationships and overcoming challenges (also acts at the social leve!) (Sheikh el al., 2003). Our work aims to understand the relationship between body composition, body image, physical activity leve! and emotional intelligence in college students. To achieve this general aim, sorne specific objectives have been met: characterize the sample (independent variables: gender, degree, age, marital status, children and student-employee), to identify the different parameters of body composition (weight, height, BMI,% FM,% MM and VFM), to analyze how students perceived and feel their body image, know the leve! of physical activity, know perceived emotional intelligence leve!, identify how the independent variables influence the different dimensions of analysis, and how they relate. As for the design of research: nonprobability sampling (by convenience), a cross-sectional descriptive and correlational. The data collection was based on the use of quantitative instruments (Figure Rating Scale - Stunkard, Sorenson and Schlusinger, 1983; Body Shape Questionnaire- Cooper el al, 1987; International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Craig Marshall, Sgostrom, Bauman, Booth, Ainsworth el al, 2003 ; Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24) - Salovey el al. , 1995). The individuals in the sample (n =400) were aged between 18 and 61 years (mean age 30.64±8.85 years), with the majority of students (207), in the group of 18-28, 13 are between 29 and 39 years, 44 between 40 and 50 years, and 18 are between 51 and 61 years. Regarding marital status, most participants are single (58 .5%), 80 participants (20%) are married, 42 were divorced ( 1 0.5%), and the remaining ( 11 %) responded "other." With regard to the existence of children, 287 participants (71.8%) have no chi1dren, and 113 (28.3%) have. Most are working student (262 students - 65.5%). The sample includes students from 17 different degrees, different leve1s of study (1st degree, master and specializations), and the degree that has more students is the Physical Education and Sport - 1st degree (92). lt was found that there is an in verse relationship between most of the evaluated parameters of body composition and body image - subjects that are match its silhouette forms bulkier are also those who are more dissatisfied and more concemed by excess. These students are also the least active and those who were less values of emotional intelligence. Students seem to be more active values are those with healthy body composition, body image, since they are more satisfied and less concern and those with higher values in emotional intelligence. We can thus say that physical activity had a positive and influential role in the remaining dimensions in the analysis, proving to be an advantageous factor and protective.