Inteligencia territorial y turismola gestión pública de los destinos turísticos inteligentes

Abstract

Problem statement Two novel concepts have appeared recently in the touristic sector. Both are producing a change in the formula of management of destinations, they are Territorial Intelligence' and 'Intelligent Touristic Destinations'. Both terms share the denomination but the principles of the first one and the characteristics of the second 6ne determine that there is a conceptual duality with different interpretations of what The intelligent" is. It provokes some misunderstandings in the use of the terminology, the guidelines for the operations and projects of this field. Purpose * This study has been elaborated with one principal purpose, that is, the establishment of relations between Territorial Intelligence and Intelligent Touristic Destinations, the determination of their denominations and orientations and furthermore to clarify how the intelligence applied to tourism is influencing the management of destinations and in what terms is affecting the formulation of a new undeveloped model. Methodology The methodology used in this study reacts to a combined character. One the one hand, a labor of selection, classification, study, analysis and extraction of relevant information has been developed. The relevant information taken from the literature and documentaries have been selected by the same standards, relation with the topic, the updating and the quality. On the other hand, having this investigation an analysis of specific cases, the methodology has been extended by the elaboration of a questionnaire to high-qualified people following the Delphi methodology, phone interviews to responsible specialists of the intelligent projects, analysis of procedures of transformation leaded by the specialized institutions in this field (AENOR and Segittur) and the study of three destinations in the middle of a conversion process, those are, Palma de Mallorca (Balearic Islands-Spain), the "Eurociudad" Badajoz-Elvas (Extremadura-Spain and Portugal) and Benidorm (Comunidad Vaienciana-Spain). Results The development of the theoretical and conceptual framework permit to know the different relationships that the Touristic Intelligence and its principles can have with Intelligent Touristic Destinations and their management, as well as, the influence in the determination of the designs of touristic politics to use in the territories. The study of cases, however, has demonstrated the common reality in this field, which has to do with an origin of the Intelligent Touristic Destinations in the development, especially, on technology, and no on the intelligent principles which indicate the Territorial Intelligence, existing a separation between both of them in spite of sharing the denomination. Conclusion The investigation finishes with the determination of the conclusions which demonstrate the disconnection between the concepts of Territorial Intelligence" and 'Intelligent Touristic Destinations" and an incomplete development of the touristic intelligence, offering some possible solutions through the application of a model of an alternative development (intelligent model) to common models used until today, tools to develop it and recommendations about the application of principles of the Territorial Intelligence to the called Intelligent Touristic Destinations.