Telebasura, tabloidización y espectacularizaciónimpacto en la audiencia sur-andina y competencias mediáticas para la ciudadanía boliviana

Abstract

One of the fundamental reasons for addressing the issue in this research project is the pollution of "trash television" programs in Bolivian television media programming and the inevitable confluence of the audience, especially in the adolescent age group, which seems to be recreated. However, will they be aware of the implications on their living environment, impact on their educational level and academic performance, affect the emotional aspect, and/or modify their behavior due to overexposure to the trash TV programs? In view of this panorama of uncertainty, an analysis of the impact of Bolivian national television programs on the national audience is proposed with regard to the fundamentals of the indicators and dimensions of media competition. In this sense, located in Bolivia, we enter into this not very encouraging panorama of the national television, which also involves the South Andean region, with an investigation according to the Bolivian socio-cultural environment. Aspects relating to reception studies and media literacy were mapped out. In this line, a review of the theoretical and scientific contributions of different authors on media education, tele-broadcasting, audiences, among others, was carried out, thus establishing an epistemological basis for analysis, as well as the state of the art and background of the study. On this theoretical basis, the empirical analysis will be recorded, whose methodological path is solved by the quantitative and qualitative design analysis. For a greater validity of the research, it was necessary to interweave methods, and data and quantitative-qualitative results were triangulated, in order to achieve a greater internal and external validity of the study. This procedure confirms the existence of Bolivian television tabloidization, because the contents of news and other information programs are manipulated by commercial interests and, in a strong way, by political concerns. In this sense, the political manipulation of the state-owned television station Bolivia TV stands out. Likewise, there are infotainment and sensationalist news programs that contain alarm, dubious sources, false news, mockery and premeditated induction. On the other hand, tele-trash is harmful, provokes and induces discrimination and racial hatred, and of course affects comprehensive educational development. Disinformation about events causes personal insecurity and attempts against women's integrity. It transmits ruptures: in people's intimacy, in gender equity and in peaceful social-family coexistence. Likewise, it causes the modification of thought due to the constant consumption of simple and empty contents that idiotize, damage self-esteem, affect behavior, imitate characters, and even change personality. Faced with this scenario, adolescents recognize the need for criticality, development of skills in digital audiovisual production, emotion management, content selectivity, and interpellation action. For this reason, media literacy and training in media skills are urgently needed. It is thus recommended that Media Literacy be included in the formal Bolivian educational curriculum, not only to deal with the contents of tele basic broadcast on multiple screens, but also for other traditional media and virtual-digital multimedia communication.