Estigma de los profesionales de la salud hacia las personas con trastorno mentaleficacia de una intervención de contacto directo

Resumen

Esta tesis doctoral se presenta por compendio de publicaciones según el Reglamento de régimen interno de la Escuela de Doctorado (Consejo de Gobierno de la Universidad de Alicante de 17 de diciembre de 2.013, modificado por Consejo de Gobierno de la Universidad de Alicante 30 de julio de 2019, BOUA de 30 de julio de 2019 y Consejo de Gobierno de la Universidad de Alicante de 29 de septiembre de 2020, BOUA de 16 de octubre de 2020). Forman parte de esta tesis doctoral dos artículos científicos. El primer artículo titulado: "A qualitative emancipatory inquiry into relationships between people with mental disorders and health professionals” fue aceptado para su publicación, en diciembre de 2020 en la revista Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. La revista está situada en el puesto 25/123 (Nursing) con un factor de impacto de 1.947 en 2019 en Journal Citation Reports (JCR). En él se exploran las percepciones de las personas diagnosticadas con un trastorno mental sobre las relaciones que se establecen con los profesionales de la salud, los efectos del trato recibido por parte de estos y sus demandas para mejorar la atención recibida. A través del análisis del contenido se obtuvieron como resultado 4 temas principales: Estereotipos y prejuicios, Calidad de las interacciones y tratamiento, Impactos emocionales y de comportamiento y Demandas. La principal conclusión del estudio es que los participantes han percibido que los que no se aplica la toma de decisiones compartida, han tenido experiencias negativas con los profesionales de la salud llegando a vulnerarse sus derechos en casos concretos. Estas experiencias contribuyen a que aumenten sus miedos y se vuelvan cautelosos, ocultando información o mintiendo por miedo a las consecuencias lo que contribuye a confirmar los estereotipos. Los participantes piden de forma unánime un trato más humanitario. El segundo artículo: "Effectiveness of direct contact intervention with people with mental illness to reduce stigma in nursing students", fue publicado en enero de 2019 en la revista International Journal of Mental Health Nursing. Dicha revista tuvo un factor de impacto en 2019 de 2.383 y está situada en el puesto 9/123 (Nursing). En este artículo se midió la efectividad de una intervención para disminuir el estigma en estudiantes de enfermería en la que participaban expertos por experiencia. La mejora de las actitudes de los futuros enfermeros hacia las personas con un diagnóstico psiquiátrico puede contribuir de forma positiva al establecimiento de una adecuada relación terapéutica entre ambos. Bibliografía consultada Ådnøy Eriksen, K., Arman, M., Davidson, L., Sundfør, B., & Karlsson, B. (2014). Challenges in relating to mental health professionals: Perspectives of persons with severe mental illness. 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