Clasificación y caracterización de unidades territoriales homogéneaslos casos de Centroamérica y Honduras

Abstract

The theme of territorial inequalities is being addressed with great interest by analysts and political decision-makers, who are aware that progress cannot be achieved in the countries in the absence of equitable development that involves a condition of well-being for all equally. In this sense, Latin America is discovered as one of the most unequal regions of the planet, where countries have not achieved a level of collective development due, among other things, to the fact that opportunities for access to basic services are not distributed equitably in the territory. This affirmation is reflected in each of the countries of the area, which show marked inequalities between them and between their respective territorial units. The information presented in this Doctoral Thesis is based on the geographic and statistical analysis of a series of demographic and socioeconomic variables. This analysis allows, through the application of cluster analysis, a classification as homogeneous as possible of the Honduran municipalities and the administrative units of each of the Central American countries, allowing a portray of the different groupings obtained in the process. The study is complemented by the use of Geographic Information Systems that generate a thematic cartography where the most disadvantaged territorial units of the study areas are spatially presented.